美回应新华社吁全球“去美国化”：有债必偿

2013年10月17日 06:49
来源：北京青年报

人参与条评论

今天是美国财政部设定的国债触顶最后期限，北京时间今天凌晨消息，美国参院多数党领袖里德和少数党领袖麦康诺宣布，两党已就重开政府和提高国家债务上限达成协议。

新华社日前发表评论称，现在也许是全球开始考虑建立“去美国化”世界的好时机，引发美国媒体关注。但白宫不愿正面回应，只强调有债必偿是美国几百年来的原则。

新华社13日发表题为《美国财政失灵证明应有一个“去美国化”世界》的社评。文章指出，美国的政治人物没能达成妥协，让政体恢复正常运转，这也许是全球开始考虑建立去美国化世界的好时机。

新华社英文评论文章《美国的失败将造就一个“去美国化”的世界》（Commentary: U.S. fiscal failure warrants a de-Americanized world）英文全文：

Commentary: U.S. fiscal failure warrants a de-Americanized world

By Xinhua writer Liu Chang

BEIJING, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- As U.S. politicians of both political parties are still shuffling back and forth between the White House and the Capitol Hill without striking a viable deal to bring normality to the body politic they brag about, it is perhaps a good time for the befuddled world to start considering building a de-Americanized world.

Emerging from the bloodshed of the Second World War as the world's most powerful nation, the United States has since then been trying to build a global empire by imposing a postwar world order, fueling recovery in Europe, and encouraging regime-change in nations that it deems hardly Washington-friendly.

With its seemingly unrivaled economic and military might, the United States has declared that it has vital national interests to protect in nearly every corner of the globe, and been habituated to meddling in the business of other countries and regions far away from its shores.

Meanwhile, the U.S. government has gone to all lengths to appear before the world as the one that claims the moral high ground, yet covertly doing things that are as audacious as torturing prisoners of war, slaying civilians in drone attacks, and spying on world leaders.

Under what is known as the Pax-Americana, we fail to see a world where the United States is helping to defuse violence and conflicts, reduce poor and displaced population, and bring about real, lasting peace.

Moreover, instead of honoring its duties as a responsible leading power, a self-serving Washington has abused its superpower status and introduced even more chaos into the world by shifting financial risks overseas, instigating regional tensions amid territorial disputes, and fighting unwarranted wars under the cover of outright lies.

As a result, the world is still crawling its way out of an economic disaster thanks to the voracious Wall Street elites, while bombings and killings have become virtually daily routines in Iraq years after Washington claimed it has liberated its people from tyrannical rule.

Most recently, the cyclical stagnation in Washington for a viable bipartisan solution over a federal budget and an approval for raising debt ceiling has again left many nations' tremendous dollar assets in jeopardy and the international community highly agonized.

Such alarming days when the destinies of others are in the hands of a hypocritical nation have to be terminated, and a new world order should be put in place, according to which all nations, big or small, poor or rich, can have their key interests respected and protected on an equal footing.

To that end, several corner stones should be laid to underpin a de-Americanized world.

For starters, all nations need to hew to the basic principles of the international law, including respect for sovereignty, and keeping hands off domestic affairs of others.

Furthermore, the authority of the United Nations in handling global hotspot issues has to be recognized. That means no one has the right to wage any form of military action against others without a UN mandate.

Apart from that, the world's financial system also has to embrace some substantial reforms.

The developing and emerging market economies need to have more say in major international financial institutions including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, so that they could better reflect the transformations of the global economic and political landscape.

What may also be included as a key part of an effective reform is the introduction of a new international reserve currency that is to be created to replace the dominant U.S. dollar, so that the international community could permanently stay away from the spillover of the intensifying domestic political turmoil in the United States.

Of course, the purpose of promoting these changes is not to completely toss the United States aside, which is also impossible. Rather, it is to encourage Washington to play a much more constructive role in addressing global affairs.

And among all options, it is suggested that the beltway politicians first begin with ending the pernicious impasse.

美国回应：重要的事实是美国的完全信用

对此，《华盛顿邮报》等美国主流媒体都纷纷进行报道，而白宫发言人卡尼在15日也被记者问到“想对中国人传达什么信息”。卡尼表示：“我对于任何特定国家没有什么信息。我只想说，重要的事实是美国的完全信用，包括偿还来自全球的投资者，美国几百年来准时偿债的原则不应被损害。”

文章指出，从二次世界大战结束时起，美国就在打造战后世界的秩序，推动欧洲复苏，并将金融风险转移到海外。文章称，拜贪婪的华尔街精英所赐，全球依然未能走出经济灾难的困境。

文章呼吁，“应该建立一种新的世界秩序。所有国家无论大小，无分贫富，都能在平等的基础上得到保护，他们的重要利益都会得到尊重。最终应该建起一个去美国化的世界。”

文章认为，全球金融系统也必须进行一些重大的改革。发展中经济体与新兴市场经济体需要在IMF、世界银行等大型国际金融机构获得更多的话语权。另一种行之有效的关键改革步骤可能是：引进一种新的国际储备货币，用它替代占主导地位的美元。这样一来，国际社会就可能永远免受国内政治混乱激化产生的溢出效应影响。

文章最后提到，推动这些变革的目的并非完全将美国抛在一边，这也是不可能的。相反，要鼓励美国政界在处理全球事务时发挥更有建设性的作用。当然，目前美国政客首先要结束有害的财政僵局。

中国是美国国债最大的海外持有者，美国财政部数据显示，截至今年7月，中国持有1.27773万亿美元的美国国债。